Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Insulin Use in Diabetes Care: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background:
Insulin remains a cornerstone in the management of diabetes, yet its timely initiation and optimal use
remain suboptimal in many primary care settings. Understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and
practices (KAP) of healthcare professionals (HCPs) is essential to address barriers to its effective use.
Objective:
To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals regarding insulin use in
diabetes management and to identify perceived barriers to its optimal utilization.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2025 involving 124 healthcare
professionals managing patients with diabetes after IRB approval (SGHQ/783). Demographic data,
professional experience, and responses to a structured KAP questionnaire were collected through
Google Forms after obtaining informed consent for participation. Frequencies and percentages were
calculated for categorical variables.
Results:
A total of 124 healthcare professionals (HCPs) participated (60% male, age range 30–65 years), with a
mean clinical experience of 12 years. Although 55% had no formal training on insulin, most showed
adequate theoretical knowledge. Only 33% (n = 41) actively prescribed insulin, and confidence in
titration was low. Major barriers to insulin use included time constraints (64.5%), fear of
hypoglycemia (64%), cost/access issues (63%), patient resistance (56%), lack of training/confidence
(52%), and inadequate follow-up systems (43%). Most respondents (75.8%) believed additional
training would improve their confidence. Suggestions for improvement included hands-on workshops,
simplified guidelines, improved follow-up support, and patient education programs.
Conclusion:
The study highlights significant gaps in insulin-related knowledge and practices among healthcare
professionals, despite the widespread diabetes burden. Targeted educational programs, clinical

decision support tools, and strategies to improve patient acceptance may enhance insulin prescribing
confidence and improve diabetes outcomes.